Tumor Markers

Covered: molecular/tumor marker testing such as 1p/19q codeletion analysis for astrocytomas/gliomas, 5‑HIAA for neuroendocrine tumors, Afirma FNA analysis only for indeterminate thyroid nodules, and ALK testing (including ALK gene fusion) where indicated (e.g., NSCLC). Key limits: Afirma is experimental/investigational for other indications and for repeat testing; large liquid‑biopsy panels (>50 genes) and most liquid biopsies for non‑NSCLC uses are investigational (small NSCLC panels <50 genes and specific FDA‑approved companion diagnostics are allowed); repeat or use of multiple genomic assays to assess prostate cancer progression or to decide adjuvant therapy in breast cancer is experimental/not covered.

"uPA and PAI-1 (urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1): risk assessment and prediction of therapeutic response in primary breast cancer; high tissue levels associated..."