Electrical Bioimpedance for Cardiac Output Monitoring and Other Selected Indications

Thoracic electrical bioimpedance cardiac monitoring is covered only when the treating physician documents that history, physical exam, and standard assessment tools are insufficient and thoracic bioimpedance data are necessary, limited to differentiating cardiogenic vs pulmonary dyspnea, heart-transplant rejection surveillance as a pre-determined alternative to biopsy (with documentation if biopsy is later performed), monitoring response in drug‑resistant hypertension, and AV‑interval optimization for AV‑sequential pacemakers. Electrical bioimpedance is not covered (experimental/investigational) for lung-capacity screening, cancer detection/prognosis or palliative cancer care, sarcopenia evaluation, or electrical impedance myography for neuromuscular diseases.

"Differentiation of cardiogenic from pulmonary causes of acute dyspnea."

Sign up to see full coverage criteria, indications, and limitations.