Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography

This policy covers diagnostic cardiac catheterization (right, left, Swan‑Ganz) and angiography when performed for specified diagnostic or treatment‑planning indications (e.g., valvular disease, heart failure, congenital disease, pulmonary embolism, ischemic syndromes). Many elements are bundled or reimbursed only once (e.g., chamber angiograms, coronary angiography, conduit/graft angiography), and monitoring or procedure components performed incidentally or for purposes other than hemodynamic evaluation (including bedside Swan‑Ganz monitoring, leaving catheters for monitoring, repositioning, dye to guide catheters, or routine subsequent measurements) are not separately reimbursable. Required documentation includes a formal physician report (or progress notes for Swan‑Ganz monitoring), specific physician requests and documentation for extra‑cardiac angiography, reasons for delaying interventions, and provider attestation of ACC/AHA Level 2 training with teaching physician presence documented for trainees.